Plantation agriculture Essay Example for Free

Plantation agriculture EssayPlantation agriculture is a sort of commercial arable farming in the world. It is especially important in humid tropics with luxuriant growth of vegetation. Its economic effectiveness is always emphasized, transport both positive and negative impacts. In recent decades, civilize diversification is introduced and the ecological balance of the natural environment is greatly conserved. Plantation agriculture refers to the development of cash nip offs on large foreign owned estates in countries of tropical environment. It is usually practiced in a large scale with monoculture, in which barely a authoritative type of plant is dominant. Take Papua invigorated Guinea as an example, in the area, cacao, coffee and rubber are mainly grown in the region for export to other countries. Under this kind of farming, there are positive impacts to the economy. Firstly, due to its large scale of operation and being export-oriented in Papua New Guinea, the supply o f products is regular and of uniformly high quality. With high demand for the products, this attracts large amount of investment of capital from the foreign countries, such as Europe and north-central America, thus allowing the farmers being financially able to provide the expensive machinery capable of turning out a high grade product.Benefiting from economies of scale, this enables both the transportation be and production cost to be lowered. Secondly, orchards are also able to undertake greater scientific research and the eradication of pests and diseases. For example, one large sugar caller in the former British colony of Guyana was able to employ a large research staff to produce a strain of sugar berate resistant to leaf-scald disease.Besides, government assistance has brought improved crop varieties, scientific research, new pesticides and fertilizers and effective marketing, The government of Papua New Guinea launched The Cape Hoskins Oil Palm plot to solve land dispu tes of many small holdings, strengthening national self-reliance. With increasing demand for the plantation, the employment rate of Papua New Guinea is greatly increased as there are more needs for personnel to manage crop growing and researching. Some crop processing and manufacturing industries are set up to settle with the demand for crops.The farm productivity is increased as well. As mint substructure earn more income from this kind of farming, this stimulates the rate of urbanization, hence the development of home and improvement of public facilities, such as roads, railways, ports, towns, schools, hospitals and the supply of electricity and water. As a result, the living standard of the labour is greatly improved. Despite the economic benefits, plantation farming somehow brings negative impacts to Papua New Guinea. First is the reliance upon the protected markets in Australia.At present, about one-third of the copra, 40 percent of the coffee, most of the umber and rubber is exported to Australia, which is assigned to admit duty free. In return, Papua New Guinea has to pay taxes for any imports. This leads to outflow of capital to foreign countries because this kind of farming is super export-oriented. Second is the problem of labour. Plantations require large amount of cheap labour, but the wage rate is progressively higher because of the rising living standard and commercialisation of the country.This increases the cost of production and thus reduces the competitiveness among other countries for the same kind of farming. Apart from this, the risk of crop failure is an important factor for consideration. As plantation agriculture is highly specialized. People highly rely on monoculture to earn a living. When the price of cash crops falls drastically or there is a sudden of crop failure, the income of farmers give fall as well. As a result, the earning of farmers tend to be unstable and badly affected the national income of Papua New Guinea.Beside s, people have to import other necessities from other countries instead of planting within their own country, self-sufficiency ordurenot be achieved. In this way, there is no other stemma to safeguard the return of farmers. To overcome the negative impacts, crop diversification is a good method to reduce the over-reliance on certain types of cash crops. Ecologically, this method can also be beneficial to the environment. Since different types of crops are grown, the risk of crop failure decreases. This can stop the spread of diseases and pests for a particular type of crops. The population of pests decreases.This in turn reduces the use of pesticides. Hence, the chance of stream pollution is smaller, the sea organisms leave alone not be poisoned or suffocated so easily, the nutrient flow can be more stable. There will be greater diversity of species of biomass, so the ecosystem will be more stable. Furthermore, diversification of crops increases the vegetation cover. There will be less surface runoff and soil erosion, yet infiltration increases. The nutrients of the soil can be preserved. Crop diversification also reduces the exhaustion of certain type of nutrients, fertility can be maintained and thus the use of fertilizer will be less common as well.Climatically, because of less crop failures, the amount of biomass increases. The evapotranspiration rate and wind speed can be more stable, so the microclimate can be maintained constant, the risk of global warming will not be getting serious so fast. In conclusion, plantation of cash crops is significant in Papua New Guinea for economic development. Though crop diversification may not be as profitable as plantation agriculture, ecological environment should not be ignored. In long-term, diversification of crops is a good way to safeguard the natural environment and brings more stable income to the farmers as well.

Prayers in Schools Essay Example for Free

Prayers in Schools EssayMy name is Ericka Jaid Laurett heil. I find long brown hair and I have hot eyes and I am 56. My interests are drawing, playing Xbox, babysitting, watching family guy, and sleeping. My expectations for myself are to pass high school not failing any classes. I was close to failing my expectation because I failed math. But I took credit recovery and got the credit I wish to be a pediatrician because I love kids and helping them and making them happy. Activities that I enjoy are volleyball, basketball and I used to play soccer but my knees and ankles are bad.My moms name is Janda-lynn laurett heil, my dads name is Adam Jack Heil, my older sisters name is Devon Brooke Heil, and my younger sisters name is Emily Mable Clara Heil. I am the middle child of the family. My family grew up around Bobbi and Tom pitkanen. I called them auntie and uncle all the time. We used to go camping every(prenominal) year at a smallish campsite we made on an island down the D ryden highway. I actually thought that we were related but recently I found appear they are just a close family friend. Also, my best friends grandmother lives beside me and I talk to her about everything Sometimes I just go there and talk to her, and sometimes she comes by my house and chats for a bit. My best friends grandmother knows more about me than my mother.Well I have a very strong relationship with my dads mom. My moms mom left and turned against my family because of something personal that happened in the past. My grandma heil has eternally been there for my mom and me and my sisters and my dad and even our family friends She has bully advice and is such a nice woman. A couple years ago she was on the phone with my uncle and she had a brain aneurism and collapsed while she was on the phone. She got shipped to Winnipeg and had surgery Everyone in my family was so upset. She is probably the only grandparent or person in my mom and dads side of the family that was actuall y there for our family and helped us through rough times. She is my bestfriend.My relationship with my sisters is okay at times. I love my sisters but they both bother me. My little sister gets me so mad you dont even know. I beat her up all the time and when I say beat I actually mean beat. P I can kinda tap her with my shoulder and Im being dead honest she screams and runs to my mom or dad. Its like shes scared of me or something. My older sister always waits till I leave the house and she steals all my clothes and says there hers. Shes lucky she has a child, I would never beat her up in front of her baby. She is my only sister that I actually trust and can state stuff to. I was always there for her when she needed help when we were younger, so I trust her with a lot. They are important to me because they are family. If anyone were to hurt them I would honestly beat the person up. I have done that for my little sister already. I dont like her friends and they know not to do that kind of stuff to my family.My family has helped me with my volleyball sport choice. They have paid for all my volleyball travels and my shirts and all that fun stuff. They were the ones that told me about the vipers volleyball team in grade 8. I tried out and made both cuts so I was on the team We travelled to Kenora and to a townspeople outside of Winnipeg. I was with a lot of my friends and it was so much fun. We competed in tournaments again kids nowhere near here. I have been told I am great at playing volleyball and that I should try out for the volleyball team. I fateed to but I never had the good grades and the perfect attention for that. They helped me to become the person I am today. To be strong and stick up for what I believe. Thats why Im such a smart mouth. I get it from my daddy.Well before I came into high school my family and a close family friends family would go to a campsite thing that we made on an island down the Dryden highway. We would stay there and camp f or at least a week. Other then that I dont really know any other things that my family does together. I dont socialize with my family and if I do its Devon or its because I want something. I dont really ever leave my bedroom unless I have to go to the washroom, Im hungry, I have to do the dishes, Im babysitting, or I leave the house.Well in my future family Im going to continue to go camping every year and I dont really know what else to do. I kind of keep to myself in my house so I dont really know what my family does that I could continue in my future family.That is all I have to say about my family and my life really. I love my family and my friends and I dont know what I would do without them.

New Zealand Oral Health Practitioners Preparedness

bran- pertly Zealand vocal Health Practiti wizardrs Prep atomic number 18dnessTitle An update on modern Zealand oral health practiti superstarrs prep for aesculapian exam emergenciesRunning title Medical emergenciesAuthors C L Hong, A W Lamb, J M Broadbent, H L De Silva, W M ThomsonCorresponding origin C L Hong, Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, PO Box 647, Dunedin 9054.AbstractBackground and objectives To update information on the preparedness of forward-looking Zealand usual alveolar consonant practicians (GDPs) and different oral health practitioners (OHPs) for medical emergencies.Methods Electronic and makeup survey of a sample of 889 OHPs (comprising GDPs, specialists, hygienists, therapists and clinical dental technicians) haphazardly selected from the Dental Register.Results The solution rate was 39.7%. About half of the respondents (43.3%) account encountering at least one hand brake event during the last ten geeze rhood. Vaso-vagal syncope was the most comm barely describe extremity event, followed by hyperventilation. The mean ten-year incidence of tweak events (excluding vaso-vagal syncope and hyperventilation) was 2.6 events (SD, 7). Dentists were 6.8 times to a greater extent than likely to experience emergency events than other OHPs (pConclusion The majority of upstart Zealand OHPs were equipped in training, and equipment for medical emergencies, and New Zealand appears better than many other countries in this respect. However, well-nigh OHPs still lacked some of the required emergency equipment, drugs, and training.IntroductionThe New Zealand population (as with other developed countries) is ageing (Statistics New Zealand, 2015). This means that oral health practitioners (OHPs) are (and will continue to be) providing care for an increasing proportion of antique patients. This demographic shift towards a greying population is non without its dental implications. Ageing is accompa nied by chronic diseases, disabilities and poly-pharmacy (Hung et al., 2011), all of which are risk factors for the occurrence of medical emergencies in dental ca procedures. Thus, the risk of medical emergency events is likely to be increasing.Most medical emergencies can be anticipated, and all OHPs should be hale-versed in their ginmill and management. Training in the provision of elementary life support is considered an essential and fundamental component of dentistry. Despite this, studies have shown general dental practitioners (GDPs) to be inadequately trained for medical emergencies (Alhamad et al., 2015 Arsati et al., 2010 Chapman, 1997 Muller et al., 2008). unaccompanied about half of German GDPs were able to provide basic life support (Muller et al., 2008). About two in phoebe bird Belgian dentists had never had adult basic life support training following graduation, and 4 in five never had pediatric basic life support training (Marks et al., 2013). Some years ago, only half of New Zealand GDPs had a current CPR or first-aid certificate, and one in five lacked an emergency equipment kit (Broadbent and Thomson, 2001).Overseas studies have indicated that the incidence of medical emergencies in dental practice (excluding syncope) is between 3.3 and 7.0 emergency events per practitioner during a ten-year practice finale (Arsati et al., 2010 Atherton et al., 1999 Atherton et al., 2000 Chapman, 1997 Girdler and Smith, 1999). A 2001 guide of 314 New Zealand GDPs describe a mean 4.5 emergency events per dentist during a ten-year practice period (Broadbent and Thomson, 2001). While this falls inside the reported range, most of those studies are dated, and there is a need for more contemporary information, particularly in light of the ageing population (and its greater tooth retention).Published studies as well as tended to focus on GDPs. There is a lack of published data on the preparedness of other OHPs for medical emergencies. Only one carry in vestigated the incidence of medical emergencies among both dentists and dental auxiliaries. Atherton et al. (2000) noted that dentists experienced more emergency events than dental auxiliaries (nursing staff, hygienists and radiographers). This suggests that other OHPs overly encounter medical emergencies, and evidence for this within the New Zealand dental workforce remains unknown.Moreover, in September 2014, the Dental Council of New Zealand (DCNZ) updated its Codes of Practice for Medical Emergencies in Dental Practice (Dental Council of New Zealand, 2014). In this updated standard, the New Zealand Resuscitation Council Certificate of Resuscitation and Emergency Care ( hollow out) certification take aim required of OHPs was updated, along with the period of recertification. Little is known about the adherence of OHPs to this updated practice standard.Accordingly, this lease investigated the preparedness of New Zealand GDPs and other OHPs for medical emergencies in dental pra ctice.MethodsThis dissect was approved by the University of Otago Ethics Committee. selective information were collected between March and July 2016. OHPs were randomly selected from the 2015-2016 Dental Register, obtained from the DCNZ. The 896 randomly selected OHPs represented 20% of the source population for each OHP type (GDPs, dental specialists, hygienists, therapists, and clinical dental technicians). A small number (7) who did not have a clinical role or were not practising in New Zealand were considered ineligible and were excluded from the sample, leaving 889 eligible participants.The electronic survey used Qualtrics TM software. A link to the online questionnaire was emailed to each participant in March 2016. incisionicipants who failed to respond within two weeks were sent a reminder email. Those who did not respond to the electronic survey were then sent a questionnaire with a cover letter and reply-paid envelope.QuestionnaireThe questionnaire sought information on t he respondents socio-demographic characteristics (specifically gender, age, ethnicity, year of original dental qualification, and practice location), experience and preparedness for medical emergencies. The frequency of specific medical emergencies was also assessed. To maximise the accuracy of recall, the question on the incidence of vaso-vagal syncope and hyperventilation was limited to the recent practising year, while other medical emergencies events to the past ten practising years, or as long as the practitioner had been practising if less than ten years. Information on the openness of emergency equipment and drugs (and confidence in administering these) was also sought. The list of emergency equipment and drugs was derived from the DCNZs practice standard (Dental Council of New Zealand, 2014) .Statistical analysisData were entered electronically and analyzed apply version 21 of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (for Windows) (IBM).The level of statistical signif icance was set at p ResultsResponses were received from 353 of the 889 invited practitioners giving a repartee rate of 39.7%. Dentists (GDPs and dental specialists) represented 65.7% of respondents, while the remainder were other OHPs. equality with the 2011-2012 Workforce Analysis suggested an over-representation of New Zealand qualified dentists and dentists age above 50 years within the sample (Table 1). For analysis purposes, the respondent age was dichotomized to less than 50 years old and 50 years or older. Similarly, the year in which practitioners obtained their primary qualification was also divided into two groups for analytical purposes before 1990 and after 1990. More than half of the respondents (64.4%) listed their ethnicity as New Zealand European.The mean number of patients seen by a dentist in a week was 49 (SD, 26), and 44 (SD, 23) for other OHPs. Most dentists (96.6%) reported treating patients with local analgesia (mean, 49 per week SD, 26) 36.2% reported usin g endovenous sedation (IV), oral sedation (OS) or relative analgesia (RA) (IV mean, 0.6 SD, 3, OS mean, 0.3 SD, 1, RA mean, 0.2 SD, 1) and 8.0% reported treating patients under general anesthesia. The use of local analgesia during dental procedures was reported by 74.4% (n=90) of other OHPs (mean, 19 SD, 14). Almost half (48.7%) of OHPs reported updating each patients medical history at every visit 45.8% did it at every new treatment plan/check-up, and the remaining 5.4% updated the medical history only occasionally.Vaso-vagal syncope was the most commonly reported emergency, followed by hyperventilation. Excluding hyperventilation and vaso-vagal events, there were 828 emergency events reported, corresponding to a mean of 2.4 events per respondent during the ten-year period (range, 0-62 SD, 7). Nearly half of respondents (43.3%) reported encountering at least one medical emergency during the last ten years. Dentists experienced a mean of 3.4 events (range, 0-62 SD, 8) and other OHPs a mean of 0.5 events (range, 0-11 SD, 1). Dentists were significantly more likely to experience more emergency events. Other significant emergency events reported were 78 episodes of tachycardia, five episodes of allergic reaction to latex, four episodes of Bells palsy, four episodes of vomiting and three episodes of bleeding (Table 2).Most respondents (96.9%) reported having a medical emergency kit available. Only 38.1% reported checking their medical emergency kit more than twice annually. Details of the emergency equipment and drugs kept by respondents are shown in Table 3. Most respondents reported having an ambubag and air lane (82.1%), breathing apparatus for oxygen delivery (82.9%), an oxygen cylinder and regulator (82.3%) and a basic airway adjunct (77.2%) available. Among those who reported keeping these items, less than three in four were confident in using them.Dentists were further asked to provide information on the availability of a spacer device to deliver salbutam ol and liquid hypodermic syringe and/or needles. Of the 70.1% who reported having a spacer device to deliver salbutamol, 82.6% were confident in using the device. A higher(prenominal) proportion of dentists reported having a disposable hypodermic syringe and/or needle available (82.5%), and 76.7% of dentists were confident in using it. A majority of dentists reported having adrenaline (91.3%), glyceryl trinitrate spray or tablets (86.9%), aspirin tablets (82.1%) or a salbutamol inhaler (79.0%) available in their emergency kit.Most respondents (92.9%) reported holding a current NZRC certificate. The majority (97.2%) of dentists who did not use sedation reported holding a NZRC certificate of level 4 or above. Three dentists did not provide information on their NZRC certificate level and one dentist reported having NZRC certificate level 3. For dentists who reported using any form of sedation excluding RA, 76.1% had a NZRC level 5 certificate or above, 22.5% reported having a NZRC lev el of 4, and 1.4% did not provide information on their certificate level. Most other OHPs (90.2%) had a NZRC level of 4 and above. Four other practitioners had a NZRC level of 3 and two reported having a NZRC level of 2. Five other OHPs did not provide information on their certification level.Data on the emergency items available among dentists who uses any form of sedation (including no sedation) are presented in Table 4. Just over one in four dentists using sedation (excluding RA) reported having an opioid antagonist. Excluding opioid antagonists, dentists who reported not using IV sedation were significantly more likely to have these emergency items than dentist not practicing sedation.The mean number of emergency events reported by dentists over the past ten years by the use of varying modes of sedation (including no sedation) are presented in Table 5. A statistically significant difference was observed in the frequency of angina pectoris, respiratory depression, allergic reacti on to a drug, acuate bronchial asthma and prolonged epileptic seizures between dentists who reported using sedation and those who did not practice sedation. Dentists using GA sedation reported significantly higher occurrence of angina pectoris than dentists used other form of sedation or did not use sedation, and those using RA reported more episodes of acute asthma than those who did not use sedation.DiscussionThis survey aimed to investigate the preparedness of New Zealand GDPs and other OHPs for medical emergencies. It was found that dentists were significantly more likely to encounter emergency events than other OHPs and that the majority of New Zealand OHPs were adequately prepared to manage a medical emergency.The response rate of 39.7% was higher than that reported by Muller et al. (2008) but lower than other studies (Atherton et al., 2000 Broadbent and Thomson, 2001).This may be attributed to the use of an online survey, which are less likely to achieve responses rates as high as surveys administered on paper (Shih and Xitao cull out, 2008). As with other self-administered survey, there is a tendency to under- or over-report the incidence of medical emergencies. Certain characteristics of the mull over respondents and differed significantly from the wider New Zealand dental workforce (Table 1). Dentists aged under 50 years and those who qualified overseas were under-represented. Such a difference may affect the generalizability of the findings. Despite these limitations, this is the first cross-sectional survey study which attempts to evaluate the incidence and preparedness of all New Zealand OHPs for medical emergencies in dental practices.Vaso-vagal syncope is the most commonly reported emergency by OHPs, followed by hyperventilation. This is in accordance with previously published studies (Alhamad et al., 2015 Marks et al., 2013 Muller et al., 2008) with the exception of Broadbent and Thomson (2001) who reported hyperventilation as the most comm on emergency event. Comparison of the findings of the current study in respect of GDPs to those of Broadbent and Thomson (2001) found that while the percentage of GDPs insurance coverage vaso-vagal syncope and hyperventilation was lower than the 2001 study, the overall mean number of events per reporting participant in this study was higher.The incidence of respiratory depression reported by GDPs was 1.5 times lower than in the 2001 study (Broadbent and Thomson, 2001). This may be due to greater awareness and preparedness among GDPs, combined with stricter regulations imposed by the DCNZ. The use of sedation in dentistry has a positive influence on patients, but while it reduces anxiety and fear, it also increases the risk of respiratory depression. This was reflected in this study. Dentists using IV sedation reported a significantly greater incidence of respiratory depression than those who did not. This is, perhaps, unsurprising, as airway complications are the greatest threat to the safety of sedated patients (Tobias and Leder, 2011).However, the overall incidence of hypoglycemia reported by OHPs in our study was higher than that reported by Arsati et al. (2010) and Broadbent and Thomson (2001). good diagnosis of hypoglycemia is dependent on the observation of the Whipples triad elevated plasma glucose concentration, hypoglycemic symptoms and relief of symptoms following carbohydrate administration, (Nelson, 1985). It is mathematical that any one of these symptoms may be overlooked by the practitioner when making a diagnosis resulting in over-diagnosis.Excluding vaso-vagal syncope and hyperventilation, the overall rate of medical emergency events among OHPs in New Zealand was lower than reported in previous overseas studies (Table 6). Comparison with Broadbent and Thomson (2001) suggests a decrease in the incidence of emergency events reported by GDPs, dipping from 4.5 to 2.9 emergency event per practitioner over a ten-year period in this study, pFigure 1). Dentists were 6.8 times more likely to experience an emergency event than other OHPs. This is consistent with findings of the 2000 join Kingdom survey, which also reported a greater frequency of emergency events by dentists than ancillary staff (Atherton et al., 2000). Several factors could contribute the latter difference. First, dentists are more likely to provide more complicated treatment than other OHPs. Second, patients who have more complex medical problems (or who are more anxious) may be more likely to attend a dentist than other OHPs for dental treatment.Being prepared with the proper equipment and drugs for the management of an emergency event is important, and most OHPs did have gate to an emergency kit. With respect to GDPs, an 18.2% increase over 2001 was observed in the proportion of GDPs with an emergency kit (Broadbent and Thomson, 2001). The four basic emergency pieces of equipment meant to be contained within an emergency kit (regardless of practitioner type ) are an ambubag and airway, breathing apparatus for oxygen delivery, oxygen cylinder and regulator, and basic airway adjuncts. The majority of GDPs (85%-89%) had these items, which was a marked improvement from the 2001 study where it ranged between 24% and 81%. Other OHPs were miss in the availability of an ambubag and airways (30.3%) and basic airway adjunct (35.2%). The drugs required by the DCNZ practice standard were available to the majority of GDPs, but a relatively high proportion of specialists lacked some drugs, namely glyceryl trinitrate spray or tablets (21.9%), aspirin tablets (40.6%), and salbutamol inhaler (34.4%). The availability of oxygen was not specifically asked about in this survey, instead, the availability of an oxygen cylinder and regulator was assessed. We did not specifically asked OHPs whether the oxygen cylinder was filled. It was assumed that, if respondents had this equipment, oxygen would available.Dentists using depressant agents would be expected to be best prepared with appropriate medications and equipment. While they were well equipped (86%) with the four basic pieces of equipment (listed in the previous paragraph), they were not well equipped with the additional equipment required for sedation, especially in the availability of an opioid antagonist (27.6%). This study found that overall, dentists practising sedation were better prepared with these additional items than those who did not. It is likely that some practitioners may be using a form of sedation that negates the use of these equipment. However, regardless of the form of sedation used, the requirement set by the DCNZ should always be followed.Proper training in the management of medical emergencies is important. A majority of dentists not using sedation (97.2%) and other OHPs (90.2%) had the appropriate NZRC CORE Level 4. Comparison with other overseas studies found OHPs in New Zealand to be better equipped in this area. Arsati et al. (2010) showed that only 59 .6% of Brazilian dentists had undergone some form of resuscitation training, while only 47.5% of Belgium dentists (Marks et al., 2013) and 64% of Australian GDPs had undertaken basic life support trainings or CPR courses (Chapman, 1997). However, additional reinforcement is necessary to ensure that all OHPs have the appropriate NZRC CORE level, and thus the skills required to manage medical emergencies.For dentists using sedation, NZRC CORE Level 5 as outlined by the DCNZ guideline (implemented in 2014) is mandatory. However, almost one in four dentists using sedation (excluding RA) did not have a NZRC Level 5 or above certificate. This may be a reach because these practitioners are likely to undertake more complex procedures, possibly in patients with complicated medical conditions. We observed that they were more likely to experience emergency events in their practices.ConclusionMost New Zealand OHPs were equipped in training and equipment for medical emergencies, and New Zealand appears better than many other countries in this respect. However, the different groups of OHPs were still lacking some of the required emergency equipment and drugs. Our findings also clearly show that while there has been a marked improvement from the 2001 study, some OHPs still lacked training (NZRC CORE), and so, it is possible that these practitioners may lack competence in treating medical emergencies.ReferencesAlhamad M, Alnahwi T, Alshayeb H, Alzayer A, Aldawood O, Almarzouq A, Nazir MA(2015). Medical emergencies encountered in dental clinics A study from the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. J Fam confederacy Med 22(3)175-179.Arsati F, Montalli VA, Florio FM, Ramacciato JC, da Cunha FL, Cecanho R, de Andrade ED, Motta RHL (2010). Brazilian dentists attitudes about medical emergencies during dental treatment. J Dent Educ 74(6)661-666.Atherton GJ, McCaul JA, Williams SA (1999). Medical emergencies in general dental practice in Great Britain. Part 1 Their prevalence over a 1 0-year period. BDJ 186(2)72-79.Atherton GJ, Pemberton MN, Thornhill MH (2000). Medical emergencies the experience of staff of a UK dental teaching hospital. BDJ 188(6)320-324.Broadbent JM, Thomson WM (2001). The readiness of New Zealand general dental practitioners for medical emergencies. NZ Dent J 97(429)82-86.Chapman PJ (1997). Medical emergencies in dental practice and choice of emergency drugs and equipment a survey of Australian dentists. Aust Dent J 42(2)103-108.Dental Council of New Zealand (2014). Medical Emergencies in Dental Practice Practice Standard. Wellington Dental Council of New Zealand.Girdler NM, Smith DG (1999). Prevalence of emergency events in British dental practice and emergency management skills of British dentists. Resuscitation 41(2)159-167.Hung WW, Ross JS, Boockvar KS, Siu AL (2011). Recent trends in chronic disease, impairment and disability among older adults in the United States. BMC 11(1)1-12.Marks LA, van Parys C, Coppens M, Herregods L (2013). Aw areness of dental practitioners to cope with a medical emergency a survey in Belgium. Int Dent J 63(6)312-316.Muller MP, Hansel M, Stehr SN, Weber S, Koch T (2008). A state-wide survey of medical emergency management in dental practices incidence of emergencies and training experience. EMJ 25(5)296-300.Nelson RL (1985). Hypoglycemia fact or fiction? Mayo Clin Proc 60(12)844-850.Shih T-H, Xitao Fan (2008). Comparing Response Rates from Web and Mail Surveys A Meta-Analysis. Field Methods 20(3)249-271.Statistics New Zealand (2015). 2013 Census QuickStats about people aged 65 and over. Wellington Statistics New Zealand.Tobias J, Leder M (2011). Procedural sedation A review of sedative agents, monitoring, and management of complications. SJA 5(4)395-410.Author detailsC L Hong BDS. Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, PO Box 647, Dunedin 9054.A W Lamb BDS. Dental and oral health department, Level 10, Wellington Hospital, Riddiford St, Newton, 6021. J M Broadbent BDS, PGDipComDent, PhD. Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, PO Box 647, Dunedin 9054.H L De Silva BDS, MS, FDSRCS, FFDRCSI. Department of Oral Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, PO Box 647, Dunedin 9054.W M Thomson BSc, BDS, MA, MComDent, PhD. Department of Oral Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, PO Box 647, Dunedin 9054.Table 1. Comparison of respondents sociodemographic characteristics with those of the New Zealand (NZ) dental profession.Dentist (%)Dentists in NZ dental profession a (%)Other OHPs (%)Other OHPs in NZ dental profession a (%)SexMaleFemale140 (60.6)91(39.4)1347 (64.6)738 (35.4)9 (7.4)112 (92.6)54 (4.3)c1191 (95.7)cAgeLess than 5050 and over104 (45.6) b124 (54.4) b1220 (58.5)b865 (41.5) b68 (56.2)53 (43.8)881 (61.1)561 (38.9)Country of qualificationNew ZealandOther184 (81.4) b42 (18.6) b1456 (69.8) b629 (30.2) b112 (92.6)9 (7.4)NRNRa Dental Council of New Zealand (Workforce Analysis 2011-2012)b pc Excludes clinical dental techniciansNR not reportedTable 2. Incidence of medical emergencies by practitioner type.Emergency eventNumber of GDPs reporting during a one-year period (%)Number of specialists reporting during a one-year period (%)Number of other practitioners reporting during a one-year period (%)Mean number of events for per reporting practitioners (sd)Total number of events reported (max)Vaso-vagal syncope a71 (36.0)10 (37.0)1.5 (12.8)3.3 (6.0)313 (50)Hyperventilation a40 (20.3)3 (11.1)1.2 (10.3)3.5 (5.1)185 (25)Angina pectoris (chest pain)2.4 (12.2)5.0 (18.5)1.0 (0.9)1.7 (1.3)51 (5)Swallowed foreign body2.9 (14.7)3.0 (11.1)1.2 (10.3)1.8 (2.2)79 (12)Epileptic seizures (grand mal)1.7 (8.6)4.0 (14.8)3.0 (2.6)1.8 (2.0)43 (10)Hypoglycemia4.4 (21.3)7.0 (25.9)3.0 (2.6)3.7 (3.7)192 (15)Myocardial infarction0.3 (1.5)1.0 (3.7)0.0 (0.0)1.3 (0.5)5 (2)Respiratory depression1.0 (5.1)5.0 (18.5)0.0 (0.0)6.0 (6.4)90 (80) bAllergic reaction t o a drug2.8 (14.2)5.0 (18.5)2.0 (1.7)3.2 (4.6)112 (20)Anaphylaxis9.0 (4.6)4.0 (14.8)0.0 (0.0)1.7 (1.4)5 (5)Overdose (eg of anesthetic)4.0 (2.0)2.0 (7.4)1.0 (0.9)1.4 (0.8)10 (3)Circulatory depression or collapse4.0 (2.0)2.0 (7.4)2.0 (1.7)2.1 (1.6)17 (5)Stroke (cardiovascular accident)3.0 (1.5)1.0 (3.7)0.0 (0.0)1(-)4 (1)Inhaled foreign body2.0 (1.0)0.0 (0.0)1.0 (0.9)1 (-)3 (1)Acute asthma7.0 (3.6)1.0 (3.7)2.0 (1.7)1.8 (1.3)18 (5)Hyperglycemia

The Cable Tv Industry Media Essay

The Cable Tv Industry Media EssayThe rapid development in the area of technological innovation that has occurred over the finally decades in the telecommunication industry, has led to a thriving growth in the digital entertainment media, shown by the emergence of hot sophisticated products and a across-the-board variety of services. This phylogenesis has ca make use ofd an increment in competition in the bloodline television industry. The development of these current technologies and the convergence of media and telecommunications have allowed consumers to access a greater number of services. Within this context, streaming sites to watch movies and TV shows over the Internet have become a direct competitor to the powerful business of product line television service television in the U.S. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the strategies used by major cable TV providers in the U.S. to counter, or even avoid, the emergence of new competitors. These strategies generate con troversy because they might pose a risk against free food market competition.Two main branches, one in charge of production and the other in charge of the distribution form the Cable TV industry in the U.S. Together they share an estimated $300 billion market value (Arango, 2009). The multichannel exposure programming distributors (MVPDs) such(prenominal) as cable television systems, direct- administer major planet providers, and wireline video providers give the distribution part of the equation. These companies generate revenues close to $100 billion per year, and it largely comes from monthly cable subscriptions, additional charges from premium channels, and rental fees from set-top boxes (Shen, 2011). These companies are generally known as Multiple System Operators (MSOs) and include firms such as quantify Warner and Comcast. These two providers serve al virtually half of the demand for cable TV in the U.S.The video programming net cash in ones chipss that produce the cont ent consumers watch integrate the plunk for component of the industry. Broadcaster networks such as ABC, NBC, and CBS, that produce their content, make it available on cable TV and over-the-air, form the producers network market. There are in like manner non-broadcasters such as MTV, Comedy Central, and TBS whose content is only available through cable subscriptions (Ammori 2010). As the distribution network, the programming network is a highly concentrate market dominated by a few powerful and prevailing programming networks. These companies mainly derive their revenue from advertising and retransmission fees.Contrasting broadcast television that relies on advertising to originate its revenue, cable networks receive revenue from fees paid by cable operators. For example, Comcast pays closely to $1 billion a year to press out ESPN (Arango, 2010). However, as the costs of pay-TV grow and consumers spending power stays the same, the traditional business model follow by cable provi ders appears to need a major change. Furthermore, the appearance of new online companies like Netflix and Hulu has put pressure on the cable industry to change their business model. For many years, both systems have harmonized and work together in a model, that now many predicts will eventually decline thanks to the proliferation of internet TV.In an attempt to minimize the effect of this new internet trend and keep the revenue stream and business model of subscription TV, the cable TV providers have discussed the need to prevent the spread of television programs, most of which are now available online free. Consequently, they have discussed the introduction of a new model commonly known as TV Everywhere. The objective of this initiative is to hear the delivery of the online content as a natural extension of the existing Cable TV model. Through this system, consumers can view programming online only if they refer themselves as cable TV subscriber, that is, only the cable subscribe rs can view the most popular content through the internet. The agreement reflects the profound concern of the satellite TV, telecommunications companies and cable industry to allow free access to this content, as it could lead to problems similar to those faced by the music industry and the news, which nowadays have to debate to establish subscription-based business models. Another argument for the introduction of these barriers lies in the lack of regulation regarding access Internet content, which could push subscribers to cancel their TV service and use only the Web. The main promoters of this campaign have been the cable companies, but satellite and telecommunications companies are joining the fight.Due to fear of violating antitrust equity through collusion, the cable television executives have tried to hide their actions by eliminating a paper trail. Their strategy has been to have informal discussions, leaving nothing in writing. According to reports by the New York Times, the electronic media nouss, including Time Warner CEO Jeffrey Bewkes, Jeff Zucker CEO of NBC Universal and Philippe P. Dauman CEO of Viacom, among others, have been more careful to avoid being accused of collusion. Much of the discussions have been on the phone and in private, one-on-one conversations during industry events. Price is rarely, if ever, discussed, according to executives involved in the discussions (Arango, 2009).The executives have emphasized the importance of finding an industry-wide solution, and this can be achieved only if they collude, as such solution is not in a companys interest unless others agree with one another on the solution. A focal point of a free market economy is that consumers are better off if each company follows its own self-interest rather than colluding with its competitors to raise prices, allocate markets, or otherwise harm consumers and competitors (Ammori, 2010). Stephen B. Burke, the chief operating officer of Comcast, has publicly admitt ed that if each current operator and programmer merely followed its own self-interest, just like each should do it under the law in a competitive market), then each company would be worse off. As the New York Times reported, the problem is that if each goes in various directions some offering more shows free, others holding them back only for cable subscribers then the economics of the industry could crumble.The industry have come a inevitable conflict between two discordant models for broadcast content cable TV and the Internet. The circumstances seem difficult, and it suggests the possibility facing the prisoners dilemma. Setting it in a simple scenario, broadcasters and cable companies play the role of the prisoners. Thus, given that both cooperate to maintain unlicensed Internet-delivered TV programming off connected-TV sets, they both obtain gains (Frank, 2010). Whereas broadcast gets its large retransmission fees, cable providers get to sell diverse premium services at a s ubstantial profit. However, the appearance of internet TV has come to send word the dilemma. In the case of broadcasters, internet TV offers the luck to sell programming direct to consumers, at potentially higher margins than through the cable companies. In addition, it allows a more straight control over advanced advertising and interactive capabilities that currently the cable companies are trying to control. Conversely, to cable providers, internet TV gives them the opportunity to gain more advantage in retransmission negotiations by potentially offering content that is free on the Internet for free to their cable customers as well.In most cases, the result of the prisoners dilemma is the desertion of both players, since in terms of game theory the defection strictly dominates over cooperation. Although the situation of Internet TV has not yet predict this result, the benefits of desertion still clearly outweigh the benefits of cooperation. Broadcasters are not likely to get mor e money from online TV providers that cable companies, and cable companies are not likely to gain enough influence to offset the potential loss of subscribers in case of losing access to popular programming. However, the evolution of Internet TV can lead to broadcasters have to choose between the programming offered on the Internet knowing that people can watch on TV as well, and the loss of a large part of the growing online audience. Distributors, meanwhile, will have to choose between continuing to pay increasing pass judgment of carriage to holdout broadcasting or take their chances with online television. To avoid this step in the dilemma, the distributors are working with broadcasters on the TV Everywhere concept, which lasted subscriber based on conditional access to video on any device.C. Anticompetitive effects of this new strategyOn the marketsOn the consumersV. Conclusion

Why These Leaders Are Role Models Business Essay

Why These Leaders Are fictitious character Models Business EssayMy lead room is delegative. My Leadership panache is the same as the Laissez Faire Style. It is a leadinghip style in which the manager provides small or no direction and gives workers as much necessitousdom as possible. All power is given to the workers and they must set goals, make decisions, and fix problems on their own. I suggest this lead style for those draws that oblige highly experienced staff under their leadership, because in this leadership style the manager is not always practiced on the definite job they be managing.Task-Oriented theoryAnother Leadership style of mine is Task-Focused. I bear found that my leadership styles correct name is Task-Oriented Leadership. The Leaders that keep this style further focus on absorbting their certain jobs done and they sometimes can be autocratic. I have researched and found that, leaders who mention this style ar good at delegating tasks, which I beli eve is strength for me. What I found the weak points atomic number 18 of this leadership style are motivation and retention problems, leader doesnt think too much about teams well-being, and sometimes the leader acts too fast without full information.Transformational theoryThe Transformational leadership style is the style that I look forward to use. The main reason for it being my favourite is that my elephantinegest leadership Role-Model (Bill Gates) applies it. The Transformational theory states that, the leadership is the method in which an individual engages with others and is qualified to produce a bond that results in increased motivation and lessonity. What I believe is that, the key in transformational leadership is for the leader is to be helpful to the requirements and objectives of followers in an effort to help them reach their utmost potential. In addition, transformational leadership typically explains how leaders can begin, expand, and apply important changes in an organization.TransformationalTransactionalHigh aiming moral standards and ideasObjectives of the leader reach the targets and rewardsPractical supervisionNo particular supervisionIndividual therapyException handlingThe motive is to promote reason of the interests of the groupThe source is to bring home the bacon person-to-person interests by encouragingChange management strategies-When it comes to Change in Management, transactional and transformational leadership styles contrast largely.In Transformational Leadership, the Leader goes ahead of managing mean solar day to day processes and crafts tactics for taking his department to the next level of performance and success. He always looks for good Opportunities, for possible changes in Management.In Transactional Leadership, Leaders are much anxious with maintaining the standard flow of actions. It can similarly be described as keeping the ship afloat style. They are not interested in any change in management.1.3 Leadersh ip Role Models1.3a leadership profilesSteve Jobs-Complex management style Steve Jobs.Steve Paul Jobs was the co-founder and CEO of Apple Inc., which is now the worlds second largest Informational Technology bon ton by income. Steve Jobs was born on the 24th of February, 1955. I have discovered that Jobs follows the Autocratic Leadership style. I have found that, very few leaders use this leadership style and succeed. Steve Jobs is one of them. Ive heard many people criticising his leadership style, however I disagree to those people because apple wouldnt be what it is today, if he applied a different style.Ive learnt that Steve Jobs was always deeply focused when committed, confident enough to take risky actions, and charismatic enough to enrol large amount of employees and customers in the constant quest of his goals. Steve Jobs Famously said that customers dont know what they want until weve shown them. Without a doubt, he produced such crops that, after being launched were every persons want. Under his leadership Apples income raised from US $5 billion to US $351 billionHardly any top leaders show as much interest to product and design detail as Jobs did. He always considered simplicity, functionality, and consumer demands before cost effectiveness, sales amount, or even income. Even though he had immeasurable talent, he always made the employees work just as hard as himself. I observed Jobs stating in an interview that We have an environment where excellence is rightfully expected.I have read many blogs and books, accusing Jobs for being immature, stubborn, and even cruel. But however, Jobs seemingly harsh behaviours sparked peak performance, as much as they undermined it.Steve Jobs died of pancreas cancer, a day after the launch of the latest iphone. He was missed by all of the Apple inc. Workers and Consumers.Bill Gates-http//i.telegraph.co.uk/multimedia/archive/02012/Bill-Gates_2012907b.jpgWilliam (Bill) H. Gates III is the co-founder, chair and CEO of Microsoft Corporation, the worlds leading provider of packet for computers. Bill Gates was born on October 28, 1955. I have researched and found that he follows a Transformational leadership style, which shows in his achievements throughout his career. I believe that he has so many great achievements that even a book can be written about them. here are a few of his achievements that I found-Bill Gates got knighted by Queen Elizabeth II in 2005, for his contri entirelyion to the British familiarity.From various universities and institutes analogous Harvard University and The over-embellished Institute of Technology, Bill Gates has received DoctoratesBecause of Bill Gates and his wife doing many generous works for the welfare of the partnership, they received the award of Order of the Aztec bird of Jove in Mexico.Forbes Magazine listed his name in The Worlds Richest People from the year 1995 to 2007.I believe that the main reason that Microsoft succeeded was because of t his man. A computer on every desk and Microsoft software on every computer he go forthing continue to stomp out the competition until he dies. Every business and household must have a computer and must run Microsoft software, was the basic guiding vision of Bill Gates. Ive heard that Bill Gates found the most comfortable go in where the positional power for him was high as he had most authorities in the firm. That means Bill Gates is more likely a transformational leader who wants performance from his subordinates/followers to achieve the goal/objective of the company. But Im certain that he is not except one who relies on the employees, he is one when mandatory who can do the employees jobs much better than them. Gates always had that smart brain for technology, as he was god gifted. He had once said that if you are gifted an extraordinary talent, then you should use it in a good way.I believe that his leadership skills have set an example for the young business community and businesswoman, as his tactics were so efficient that both Microsoft and Bill Gates had blown their rooftops off with money. Bill was a type of autocratic leader but he neer made rash threats never used cruelty to manipulate others or to gain personal benefits. Bill Gates had the qualification to find others with something of value to them. Microsoft is well known for giving huge remuneration packages to its employees. What I consider is an important part of reward power is having control over resources, such as allocating expense budget funds. Bill Gates had full control over evaluating employees performance, determining their raises, promotions other rewards. He also kept the employees confident and positive. He showed those two skills as well. One day a reporter asked him arent you worried about the competition that is starting to show? He replied Whether its Google, Apple or free software, our fantastic competitors just keep us on our toesWhy these leaders are my Role Model s I have chosen Steve Jobs and Bill Gates as my Role Models because they both are or have been very successful leaders. Looking up to their success I believe that I forget also be able to go very high in leadership standards. The main reason for me choosing Steve Jobs was his success with such a leadership style. I like that factor because with that leadership style only one in many succeeds. I also thought that him inventing such creations, that both kids and adults find as their needs, was something that only a special person could do, thus, I chose to study him and found his past and leadership style, inspiring, which led to him becoming my leadership role model.It is quite obvious why somebody will have Bill Gates as their role model. Not only his awards but also, his past, success, popularity, personality, and leadership style was all inspiring. To be honest, he is my more favourable Role model as he is a leader who is always dedicated to his tasks and always aims to complete them to the top hat of his and the employees abilities. He is someone who I think every young businessman should have as their role model because he is one of the many few leaders that have gained such popularity and still stay focused on what their job is. This quality is a quality that we should all remember to follow, as I have seen many leaders get carried away, when their only at the beginning of popularity and success.1.3b Benchmarking criteriaLeadership is a vast scope that has no boundaries none can actually describe its area, method, traits, or other specifications. For example a housewife can be a leader for her own home and a student can be a leader of his own group or class etc. leadership styles are different as there are democratic, charismatic, autocratic etc. (Leadership brisk Zealand, 2011)Here are some benchmarking qualities-Task orientated- I believe that I am very much task focused person and have the ability to finish my tasks efficiently, but to become a succ essful leader you have to be task oriented and task focused as well, so to my understanding this is the key Quality which I need to develop on.Confidence- All the successful leaders have a high level of confidence which, enhances their decision making power and their risk taking ability, which you have to take at some point. I believe that I have lack of confidence in myself thats why I have included this quality in my personal development benchmarking criteria.Dedication- To become a successful leader you need total fealty to your work. I have chosen this quality, as I believe that Im already a dedicated woman but, if I put a bit more dedication into my work, then I can become a very successful leader. intentness- Patience is a very important element to the success of any leader, as sometimes you dont get your desired results and then the leader goes impatient and loses concentration and in result he takes the wrong decisions. I feel that this is my weakness which I want to improv e on.Socially responsible- a leader who wants to create a good image of their organisation or themselves in the community shows social responsibility. I believe that social responsibility should not only be used for that reason it should just be considered as a normal responsibility because it keeps the community happy and the environment neat.Disciplined- Not all leaders are disciplined or keep their employees disciplined, but leaders that actually are disciplined are usually more successful, and they are the ones that tend to stay in business the longest. I believe that I am the type of leader who is disciplined herself but, not the best at forcing discipline on others, thats why I need to improve on this point.Section 2 Self-assessment2.1 Benchmarking tote ups out of 10Avinash ReenPatience8Dedication8Confidence6Task Orientated9Socially Responsible8Disciplined10Leadership BenchmarkingScore12345678910REALITY CHECKThings turn out best for the people who make the best of the way thin gs turn out.7Never mistake activity for achievement.4Adversity is the state in which man in the main easily becomes acquainted with himself, being especially free of admirers then.6Be more concerned with your character than your reputation, because your character is what you really are, while your reputation is besides what others think you are.8Be prepared and be honest.9Be quick, but dont hurry.7You cant let praise or criticism get to you. Its a weakness to get caught up in either one.7You cant live a perfect day without doing something for someone who will never be able to repay you.2Failure is not fatal, but failure to change might be.3Dont measure yourself by what you have accomplished, but by what you should have accomplished with your ability.7Its what you learn after you know it all that counts.7Its the little details that are vital. Little things make big things happen.7Talent is God-given. Be humble. Fame is man-given. Be grateful. Conceit is self-given. Be careful.8The main ingredient of stardom is the rest of the team.5BENCHMARK SCORE87 count POSSIBLE SCORE140Score as a percentage62.14%2.2 ReflectionMy personal leadership style is the Delegative style. Although this is my style but it is not my like style. My preferred leadership style is transformational leadership style. The main reason behind transformational leadership being my favourite, because my biggest Role Model (Bill Gates) uses it it shows how efficient it is by the success of my Role Model.I believe that I am quite strong at giving out authorities to my group members, working within the timeframe and delegating tasks. The weaknesses in Leadership which I have are Tendency to resist change, to listen poorly and to act too fast at times. These weaknesses are not only my thoughts but the surveys and theories all indicate them as well.My goal as a leader is to become a well known leader and contribute to the society at the same time. I follow the Sikh religion, in which it is said to co ntribute and serve the society and the helpless. This has inspired me deeply, so when I become successful, I will aim to donate large amounts of money to organisations that help the helpless. Also, donating and contributing to such societies goes under social responsibility, which in result gives you a good prospect in the community, which will lead to success.OpportunitiesRationaleStrategiesTimeframeMeasuresResourcingVege Oasis (my workplace) is looking forward to promote me to the supervisor of the fruit-packing area, in the organisation.As I am really skilled in the packing position, me supervising this sector is certain.First I will complete my business management course, so I know how to manage a group of employees properly and efficiently.1-2 months to complete my current course, take some supervisor training and start my full time job as supervisor.I will know that I have achieved my goal, when I pass my Business Management course.Resources that I will need to achieve my set goals will be my personal resources (time, skill and money).Vege Oasis will give me the opportunity to work as the assistant store manager of the organisation.This position is almost certain because, the Organisation counsel me that, they see lots of potential in me and can give me the position of assistant manager if I successfully handle the position of supervisor.I will need to prove that I am capable for the position by performing well, not only individually but also as a team leader.6-12 months to prove that that I have good leadership qualities and can perform well as a leader.I will know that I have achieved my goal when the packing unit succeeds and the CEO gets impressed and promotes me to the assistant store manager.I will only need a few resources to achieve my objective, which includes time and leadership skills.Position as the store manager of Vege Oasis.I have selected this opportunity because I will have qualifications, skills and experience.Firstly I will need to p rove to the Organisation that I am capable for this role by performing efficiently as assistant manager.1-2 years to prove myself as an efficient assistant store manager.I will know that I have achieved my set objective when I get selected for the managerial role and subsequent on, receive positive feedback from CEO.The key Resources I will need will be personal resources (time, and skill).Section 3 Personal Development Plan

Comparing Notebook and Desktop Computers :: Compare Contrast Computer Essays

Comparing Notebook and Desktop Computers Computers are one of the most popular kinds of electronic devices in the world today. Whether kid or adult, male or female, e reallyone wants to learn how to operate the computer. People work computers for different purposes such as typing papers, creating websites, fashioning presentations, browsing on the internet, playing games, and so forth In fact, many people are still conf employ about choosing what kind of computer they want to buy. In the world today, there are two types of computers notebook/laptop and screen background. They both are actually very different in several ways. In this paper, I will compare the size, connectivity, power, and price of notebook and desktop computers. I can make these comparisons because I have both a notebook and a desktop computer in my apartment.Size is one of the major concerns for people who want to buy a computer. A notebook/laptop tends to be smaller than a desktop computer. This makes the no tebook more convenient to use than a desktop computer. Because of the size, the components, which are built inside a notebook, are relatively small as well. Components of a computer consist of microprocessor, memory, disk drivers, m differentboard, sound card, input/output port, and power supply. Moreover, notebooks seem to be lighter than desktop computers. This also makes a very difference for the drug users. A notebooks weight will be about 10 pounds or less. Because of this weight, notebook can be brought anywhere easily. Many people use notebooks for business purposes so they can bring their notebook everywhere. On the other hand, a desktop computers weight is more than 20 pounds. Because of this, desktop computers are used by people who stay at home most of the time. Besides that, a notebook is built as a fixed computer. In other words, all the components used to build a notebook cannot be changed if something is broken, or all the components cannot be upgraded as a user desi res. On the other hand, a desktop computer seems to be less complicated than a notebook because all the components inside the desktop computer can be changed as the user desires. Because of these changes, a desktop computer has more memory capacity than a notebook.Besides size, connectivity is also an important aspect in order to operate the computers correctly. The connectivity that I mean is an internet connection. There are several components that are used to connect the computers to the internet such as modem, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL), wireless, etc.

Langston Hughess poem Theme for English B :: English Literature

Langston Hughess poem Theme for English B is a complicated piece, which is able to stimulate the mind of whatever person that gives it a chance.Langston Hughess poem Theme for English B is a complicated piece,which is able to stimulate the mind of any person that gives it achance. This poem touches on the ever pitch topics of racism,commonality and differences, with insights on how people are sofrequent to prejudge others without so far knowing their name.Racism is still present today, even most who would not considerthemselves raciest switch used some sort of raciest remark or gesture.Racism does not only affect a person with more than or less melanin, butalso those of a different creed or religion. Many people use everyday watch which contains some sort of derogatory meaning. With the ongoingeffort of individuals as well as organizations most hope that ourhome, our planet, will progress into the all accepting ball club that ishas the potential to become.This poem has made me contemplate all that our country is, and theright to a fair and equal life that we all deserve. With the giantsteps we have taken over the past century, I know that we are on theright track. People must realize that we are all the same, except forthe melanin intentness in our skin. In fact it has been recentlyproven through DNA science that a person of African decent in Americais more airlessly related to a Caucasian in America then anotherAfrican-American. I found this to be amazing and proof of just howclose we all our.I am as well as everyone that I know, are guilty of makingprejudgments on people without even knowing a thing about them.Whether it is the clothes one wears or the parlance they use, all ofuse have thought a certain way about a person just from that firstimpression. This is not a just an American characteristic, in fact inEngland one could be thought of as smarter and even better looking if